서 론
연구의 필요성
연구 방법
연구 대상
연구 도구
● 좋은 수업
● 교수행동
자료 수집 방법 및 연구의 윤리적 고려
자료 분석 방법
연구 결과
일반적 특성
Table 1.
Variables | Categories |
n (%) |
Good teaching | Desirable teaching behaviors | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T |
t/F (p) |
S |
t/F (p) |
C |
t/F (p) |
I |
t/F (p) |
BC |
t/F (p) |
E |
t/F (p) |
BI |
t/F (p) |
O |
t/F (p) |
P |
t/F (p) |
D |
t/F (p) |
BS |
t/F (p) |
R |
t/F (p) |
|||
Mean ±SD |
Mean ±SD |
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | |||||||||||||||
Gender | Male | 20 (6.2) | 13.25±1.59 |
-1.44 (.152) |
11.50 ±2.06 |
-0.19 (.853) |
12.85 ±2.08 |
2.33 (.030) |
11.85 ±2.50 |
-0.60 (.510) |
37.65 ±5.04 |
1.14 (.255) |
30.95 ±3.56 |
0.57 (.569) |
27.05 ±3.63 |
0.81 (.417) |
23.70 ±3.63 |
-0.69 (.493) |
14.80 ±1.94 |
-2.09 (.038) |
24.90 ±3.70 |
0.54 (.591) |
19.58 ±2.34 |
-0.67 (.501) |
21.55 ±2.42 |
2.39 (.017) |
Female* | 303 (93.5) | 13.69±1.32 |
11.58 ±1.76 |
11.73 ±2.04 |
12.17 ±2.06 |
36.60 ±3.92 |
30.51 ±3.34 |
26.47 ±3.05 |
26.47 ±3.05 |
15.79 ±2.06 |
24.52 ±3.03 |
19.98 ±2.50 |
19.95 ±2.93 |
|||||||||||||
Grade | Sophomorea | 111 (34.3) | 13.59±0.12 |
0.36 (.701) |
11.26 ±1.80 |
2.66 (.071) |
12.15 ±1.98 |
2.52 (.082) |
12.20 ±2.03 |
0.03 (.969) |
36.50 ±3.63 |
0.14 (.867) |
30.81 ±3.36 |
0.59 (.558) |
26.40 ±2.75 |
0.14 (.87) |
24.39 ±2.59 |
0.96 (.385) |
15.83 ±1.78 |
3.28 (.039) a,b,c† |
24.77 ±2.92 |
0.87 (.419) |
19.89 ±2.39 |
0.24 (.787) |
20.08 ±2.79 |
0.92 (.400) |
Juniorb | 101 (31.2) |
1.32 ±0.13 |
11.71 ±1.66 |
11.72 ±1.96 |
12.14 ±2.00 |
36.76 ±3.96 |
30.42 ±3.28 |
26.47 ±3.31 |
24.30 ±3.45 |
15.30 ±2.54 |
24.59 ±3.32 |
19.85 ±2.71 |
20.32 ±3.00 |
|||||||||||||
Seniorc | 112 (34.6) |
1.43 ±0.13 |
11.76 ±1.82 |
11.55 ±2.19 |
12.13 ±2.25 |
36.74 ±4.36 |
30.36 ±3.40 |
26.61 ±3.21 |
23.84 ±3.39 |
15.99 ±1.79 |
24.24 ±2.98 |
20.07 ±2.43 |
19.77 ±2.98 |
|||||||||||||
Experience of PBL* |
Yes | 283 (87.3) | 13.68±1.35 |
0.13 (.900) |
11.65 ±1.73 |
1.92 (.055) |
11.80 ±2.01 |
-.23 (.819) |
12.23 ±2.06 |
1.65 (.099) |
36.83 ±3.99 |
1.94 (.054) |
30.52 ±3.26 |
-0.24 (.813) |
26.59 ±3.14 |
1.17 (.242) |
24.27 ±3.11 |
1.20 (.230) |
15.68 ±2.10 |
-0.91 (.361) |
24.61 ±3.05 |
1.03 (.305) |
19.87 ±2.52 |
-1.31 (.191) |
20.08 ±2.93 |
0.31 (.757) |
No | 40 (12.3) | 13.65±1.23 |
11.08 ±2.00 |
11.88 ±2.38 |
11.65 ±2.29 |
35.53 ±3.88 |
30.65 ±3.96 |
25.98 ±2.61 |
23.63 ±3.43 |
16.00 ±1.78 |
24.08 ±3.18 |
20.43 ±2.35 |
19.93 ±2.89 |
|||||||||||||
Experience of cooperation |
yes | 319 (98.5) | 13.68±1.34 |
0.79 (.429) |
11.58 ±1.78 |
0.22 (.826) |
11.82 ±2.07 |
.23 (.817) |
12.16 ±2.10 |
0.17 (.865) |
36.69 ±4.00 |
0.83 (.409) |
30.53 ±3.35 |
-0.05 (.963) |
26.51 ±3.08 |
0.36 (.716) |
24.18 ±3.18 |
0.26 (.792) |
15.71 ±2.06 |
-0.53 (.600) |
24.51 ±3.05 |
-0.93 (.353) |
19.94 ±2.49 |
-0.23 (.816) |
20.03 ±2.92 |
-1.20 (.232) |
no |
5 (1.5) |
13.20±1.30 |
11.40 ±1.34 |
11.60 ±1.52 |
12.00 ±1.41 |
35.20 ±3.11 |
30.60 ±3.05 |
26.00 ±3.81 |
23.80 ±1.10 |
16.20 ±2.49 |
25.80 ±4.02 |
20.20 ±3.27 |
21.60 ±3.13 |
|||||||||||||
Experience of TBL |
Yes | 319 (98.5) | 13.67±1.34 |
0.12 (.907) |
11.56 ±1.77 |
-0.80 (.426) |
11.78 ±2.06 |
-1.97 (.050) |
12.14 ±2.09 |
-1.56 (.121) |
36.65 ±4.01 |
-0.53 (.598) |
30.51 ±3.34 |
-0.72 (.472) |
26.48 ±3.10 |
-0.66 (.511) |
24.16 ±3.17 |
-0.45 (.654) |
15.74 ±2.07 |
1.22 (.223) |
24.51 ±3.07 |
-1.08 (.282) |
19.96 ±2.50 |
1.03 (.304) |
20.03 ±2.93 |
-1.20 (.232) |
No |
5 (1.5) |
13.60±1.52 |
12.20 ±1.64 |
13.60 ±1.52 |
13.60 ±1.52 |
37.60 ±2.70 |
31.60 ±4.22 |
27.40 ±1.82 |
24.80 ±2.68 |
14.60 ±1.82 |
26.00 ±2.83 |
18.80 ±2.28 |
21.60 ±1.82 |
|||||||||||||
Experience of Discussion |
Yes | 282 (87.0) | 13.70±1.32 |
1.13 (.259) |
11.63 ±1.75 |
1.50 (.134) |
11.83 ±2.06 |
0.41 (.683) |
12.30 ±2.03 |
3.18 (.002) |
36.81 ±3.98 |
1.75 (.082) |
30.58 ±3.31 |
0.61 (.544) |
26.66 ±3.08 |
2.54 (.012) |
24.28 ±3.01 |
1.32 (.192) |
15.69 ±2.11 |
-0.71 (.480) |
24.65 ±3.02 |
1.81 (.071) |
19.89 ±2.47 |
-0.97 (.335) |
20.17 ±2.98 |
1.94 (.053) |
No | 42 (13.0) | 13.45±1.43 |
11.19 ±1.92 |
11.69 ±2.08 |
11.21 ±2.30 |
35.67 ±3.96 |
30.24 ±3.58 |
25.37 ±2.94 |
23.43 ±4.01 |
15.93 ±1.76 |
23.74 ±3.29 |
20.29 ±2.67 |
19.24 ±2.36 |
간호 학생이 인식한 좋은 수업과 바람직한 교수행동
Table 2.
Domain | Item | Mean±SD |
---|---|---|
Traditional | A class with a good understanding of its content and lasting interest in the class | 4.66±0.51 |
A class in which a professor can easily explain the content | 4.52±0.53 | |
A class that clarifies the main points of class contents | 4.49±0.60 | |
Total | 13.67±1.64 | |
Average mean of total | 4.56±0.55 | |
Systemic | A class in which perception about the subject was is changed after taking it | 4.07±0.78 |
A class to help in the preparation for national exams, employment, graduation, etc | 3.84±0.85 | |
A class that be gotten with more satisfaction with GPA score than his/her expectation* | 3.66±0.89 | |
Total | 11.57±2.52 | |
Average mean of total | 3.86±0.84 | |
Interaction | A class in which establish understanding and empathy between students and professors | 4.19±0.74 |
A class in which build higher levels of communication between students and professors | 4.10±0.79 | |
A class in which close conversation between professors and students occurs | 3.87±0.90 | |
Total | 12.16±2.41 | |
Average mean of total | 4.05±0.80 | |
Constructionism | A class that provides challenges or opportunities to apply the knowledge that students have learned to real situations | 4.04±0.78 |
A class in which learning allows integrating and analytical thinking rather than simply memorizing or recalling information | 3.99±0.82 | |
A class that helps students reconstruct and recreate the knowledge they have learned | 3.78±0.85 | |
Total | 11.81±2.45 | |
Average mean of total | 3.94±0.82 |
Table 3.
Table 4.
Domain | Item | Mean±SD |
---|---|---|
Clarity | Defines new of unfamiliar terms | 4.40±0.60 |
Gives several examples of each concept | 4.35±0.57 | |
Uses concrete, everyday examples to explain concepts and principles | 4.34±0.67 | |
Stresses most important points by pausing, speaking slowly, raising voice, etc | 4.29±0.72 | |
Uses graphs and diagrams to facilitate explanation | 4.21±0.68 | |
Repeats difficult ideas several time | 4.14±0.75 | |
Writes key terms on blackboard or overhead screen* | 3.85±0.90 | |
Suggests ways of memorizing complicated ideas | 3.68±0.97 | |
Answers students’ questions thoroughly | 3.41±0.91 | |
Total | 36.67±6.78 | |
Average mean of total | 4.07±0.75 | |
Enthusiasm | Reads lecture verbatim from prepared notes or text† | 4.11±1.01 |
Maintains eye contact with students | 4.07±0.70 | |
Speaks in a ‘dramatic’ or expressive way | 4.07±0.77 | |
Tells jokes or humorous anecdotes | 4.01±0.81 | |
Smiles or laughs while teaching | 3.83±0.71 | |
Gestures with head, body, hands, or arms | 3.77±0.66 | |
Exhibits facial gestures or expressions | 3.74±0.69 | |
Moves about the room while teaching | 2.95±0.93 | |
Total | 30.55±6.28 | |
Average mean of total | 3.82±0.79 | |
Interaction | Uses a variety of media and activities in class* | 4.25±0.72 |
Praises students for good ideas | 4.17±0.69 | |
Criticizes students when they make errors† | 4.03±0.98 | |
Incorporates student ideas into lecture | 3.87±0.72 | |
Encourages students to ask questions or make comments | 3.76±0.86 | |
Asks questions of class as a whole | 3.44±0.94 | |
Asks questions of individual students | 3.00±0.93 | |
Total | 26.52±5.84 | |
Average mean of total | 3.79±0.83 | |
Organization | Signals transition from one topic to the next | 4.16±0.59 |
Explains how each topic fits into the course as a whole | 4.14±0.64 | |
Periodically summarizes points previously made | 4.13±0.75 | |
Gives preliminary overview of lecture | 4.01±0.74 | |
Puts outline of lecture on blackboard or overhead screen | 3.87±0.80 | |
Reviews topics from previous lectures | 3.87±0.75 | |
Total | 24.17±4.28 | |
Average mean of total | 4.03±0.71 | |
Pacing | Digresses from major theme of lecture† | 4.09±0.99 |
Sticks to the point in answering students’ questions | 4.06±0.66 | |
Dwells on obvious points† | 3.85±1.05 | |
Asks if students understand before proceeding to next topic* | 3.70±0.75 | |
Total | 15.71±3.44 | |
Average mean of total | 3.93±0.86 | |
Disclosure | Tells students exactly what is expected on tests, essays, or assignments | 4.40±0.64 |
Reminds students of test dates and assignment deadlines | 4.20±0.72 | |
States objectives of course as a whole | 4.11±0.68 | |
Advises students how to prepare for tests or exams | 4.02±0.76 | |
States objectives of each class session | 3.92±0.74 | |
Provides sample exam questions | 3.88±0.88 | |
Total | 24.53±4.42 | |
Average mean of total | 4.09±0.74 | |
Speech | Speaks at appropriate pace | 4.26±0.62 |
Speaks clearly | 4.24±0.65 | |
Speaks at appropriate volume | 4.22±0.61 | |
Stutters, mumbles, or slurs words† | 3.66±1.47 | |
Speaks in monotone† | 3.54±1.13 | |
Total | 19.92±4.48 | |
Average mean of total | 3.98±0.90 | |
Rapport | Shows tolerance of student differences | 4.28±0.63 |
Offers to help students with problems | 4.02±0.76 | |
Announces availability for consultation outside of class | 3.94±0.79 | |
Talks with students before or after class* | 3.92±0.79 | |
Addresses individual students by name | 3.87±0.91 | |
Total | 20.04±3.89 | |
Average mean of total | 4.01±0.78 |
간호학생이 인식하는 좋은 수업과 바람직한 교수행동 간의 관계
Table 5.
Variables | DTB_BC* | DTB_E* | DTB_BI* | DTB_O* | DTB_P* | DTB_D* | DTB_BS* | DTB_R* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r (p) |
||||||||
GT_T |
.47 (<.001) |
.24 (<.001) |
.18 (.001) |
.30 (<.001) |
.21 (<.001) |
.24 (<.001) |
.34 (<.001) |
.08 (.179) |
GT_S |
.45 (<.001) |
.31 (<.001) |
.22 (<.001) |
.26 (<.001) |
.09 (.127) |
.37 (<.001) |
.21 (<.001) |
.22 (<.001) |
GT_C |
.36 (<.001) |
.39 (<.001) |
.41 (<.001) |
.26 (<.001) |
.07 (.227) |
.20 (<.001) |
.12 (.033) |
.37 (<.001) |
GT_I |
.38 (<.001) |
.44 (<.001) |
.43 (<.001) |
.30 (<.001) |
.15 (.005) |
.22 (<.001) |
.10 (.067) |
.37 (<.001) |